Caodong曹洞宗
- Origin
- Chan
- Founded
- 9th century
- Practice
- Silent illumination (mozhao), later shikantaza.
- Descendant schools
- Sōtō
One of the five houses of Chan, named for Dongshan Liangjie and his student Caoshan Benji. In the Song its teacher Hongzhi Zhengjue taught silent illumination (mozhao); Dōgen carried the line to Japan as Sōtō.
In time
People counted in Caodong, by lifespan. A dot: only the year of death is known.
Ancestors
Key texts
One hundred cases with verses by Hongzhi Zhengjue and commentary by Wansong Xingxiu, both of the Caodong line.
A poem attributed to Dongshan Liangjie, chanted in Sōtō temples alongside the Sandōkai. In his recorded sayings Dongshan tells Caoshan Benji that he received the jewel mirror samādhi from his teacher Yunyan and now passes it on.
A short poem attributed to Shitou Xiqian and chanted in Sōtō temples. The Jingde chuandeng lu of 1004 prints it under his name.
Teachers today
Living teachers are not yet listed. See Teachers for the criteria.
Sources
- Huiyan Zhizhao 晦巖智昭 (comp.), Rentian yanmu 人天眼目 (Eyes of Humans and Gods) (1188) · link
- Daoyuan (comp.), Jingde chuandeng lu 景德傳燈錄 (1004) · link
- Jicheng 集成 et al. (comp.), Hongzhi chanshi guanglu 宏智禪師廣錄 · link
- Lü Cheng 呂澂, Zhongguo foxue yuanliu lüejiang 中國佛學源流略講 · link
- Sugawara Kenshū, Center for Soto Zen Studies (Sōtōshū Shūmuchō), Shikantaza (Just Sitting) · link
- Sōtōshū Shūmuchō, Shakyamuni Buddha & Two Founders · link
- Rinnō Gōgisho 臨黄合議所 (Joint Council of the Rinzai and Ōbaku Schools), Rinzaishū no rekishi 臨済宗の歴史 (History of the Rinzai school) · link
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